As the novel progresses, the tone of the letters shifts, reflecting growing emotional and financial distress. Makar's desperation intensifies as he struggles to provide for Varvara while barely sustaining himself. Meanwhile, Varvara’s situation becomes more complex as she is drawn into the influence of Bykov, a wealthier and more practical suitor. She acknowledges that a marriage to Bykov may secure her future, despite her lack of love for him. Makar, sensing the inevitable separation, oscillates between self-sacrificing devotion and quiet despair. His letters become more erratic, reflecting his crumbling spirit and helplessness. Eventually, Varvara accepts Bykov’s marriage proposal, sealing her departure from Makar’s life. His final letters reveal a man resigned to his fate, accepting that his dreams of companionship and love have slipped away. The novel ends on a tragic and melancholic note, emphasizing the rigid social structures and emotional suffering caused by poverty. Despite Makar’s unwavering affection, the weight of reality proves too great, leaving him isolated and broken.
