Returning to India, Kipling shifts his focus to the rapid changes brought by industrialization and urbanization. He explores the growing railway networks, describing their role in connecting distant parts of the subcontinent and transforming trade. His accounts of the Giridih coal fields reveal the harsh realities of labor, where workers toil under extreme conditions to fuel the empire’s industries. In The City of Dreadful Night, he portrays the darker side of urban life, depicting overcrowded streets, poverty, and social unrest. The railway system, while a marvel of engineering, also exposes the deep inequalities between colonial rulers and Indian workers. Kipling’s final reflections emphasize the tension between progress and exploitation, questioning the true cost of modernization in a land deeply rooted in tradition.
From Sea to Sea Letters of Travel Part 5 | 경남교육 전자도서관
